RESEARCH ARTICLE


Dentinal Tubule Disinfection with Propolis & Two Extracts of Azadirachta indica Against Candida albicans Biofilm Formed on Tooth Substrate



Dakshita Joy Sinha1, Paridhi Garg1, *, Anurag Verma2, Vibha Malik3, Edgar Richard Maccune3, Agrima Vasudeva1
1 Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Kothiwal Dental College & Research Centre, Moradabad (U.P.)- 244001, India
2 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Moradabad, India;
3 Dr. Vibha Pathlabs, Moradabad, India


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Creative Commons License
© Sinha et al.; Licensee Bentham Open.

open-access license: This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Kothiwal Dental College & Research Centre, Moradabad (U.P.)- 244001, India; Tel: 9997052495; E-mail: paridhigarg03@gmail.com


Abstract

Aim:

This study evaluates the disinfection of dentinal tubules using Propolis, Azadirachta indica (alcoholic and aqueous extracts), 2% chlorhexidine gel and calcium hydroxide against Candida albicans biofilm formed on tooth substrate.

Materials & Method:

One hundred and five human teeth were infected with Candida albicans for 2 days. Samples were divided into 7 groups. Group I- Propolis, Group II- Alcoholic extract of Azadirachta indica, Group III- Aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica, Group IV- 2% Chlorhexidine, Group V- Calcium hydroxide, Group VI- Ethanol and Group VII- Saline (negative control). At the end of 1,3 and 5 days, the antimicrobial efficacy of medicaments against Candida albicans was assessed at the depths of 200 µm and 400 µm.

Results:

The overall percentage inhibition of fungal growth (at 200 µm and 400 µm depth) was 99.2% with 2% chlorhexidine gel. There was no statistical difference between propolis, alcoholic extract of Azadirachta indica (neem) and 2% chlorhexidine.

Conclusion:

Propolis and alcoholic extract of Azadirachta indica performed equally well as that of 2% Chlorhexidine.

Keywords:: Azadirachta indica, calcium hydroxide, Candida albicans, chlorhexidine, dentinal tubule disinfection, propolis.