RESEARCH ARTICLE


Effects of Clenbuterol, a β2-Adrenergic Agonist, on Sizes of Masseter, Temporalis, Digastric, and Tongue muscles



Chieko Ishikawa1, Takumi Ogawa2, Tomoko Ikawa2, Akira Yamane3, *
1 Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan
2 Department of Fixed Prosthetic Dentistry, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan
3 Department of Biophyscis, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan

Article Information


Identifiers and Pagination:

Year: 2009
Volume: 3
First Page: 191
Last Page: 196
Publisher ID: TODENTJ-3-191
DOI: 10.2174/1874210600903010191

Article History:

Received Date: 15/6/2009
Revision Received Date: 2/7/2009
Acceptance Date: 31/7/2009
Electronic publication date: 7/9/2009
Collection year: 2009

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Creative Commons License
© Ishikawa et al.; Licensee Bentham Open.

open-access license: This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Biophysics, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan; Fax: +81-45-583-7828; E-mail: yamane-a@tsurumi-u.ac.jp


Abstract

We compared the hypertrophic effects of clenbuterol, a β2-adrenergic agonist, on the masseter, digastric, and temporalis with those on the tongue, tibialis anterior, soleus, diaphragm, and heart. The weights of masseter, digastric and temporalis in the clenbuterol group were 36 ~ 56% greater than those in the control group, whereas those of the tibialis anterior, diaphragm, and heart weights in the clenbuterol group were 9 ~ 33% greater than those in the control group. No significant difference in the weights of the soleus and tongue was found between the control and clenbuterol groups. Taken together with our present and previously reported results, it is suggested that the hypertrophic effects of clenbuterol on the masseter, digastric, and temporalis are greater than those on the limb, trunk, and heart.

Keywords: Clenbuterol, hypertrophic effects, striated muscles, rat.