Evaluation of Water Sorption and Solubility of Nano Titania Enriched Glass Ionomer Cement Considering the Storage Solution and Time

A biocompatible additive to glass ionomer cement types without affecting their stability in moisture and dry conditions in demand.TiO₂NPs are stable and bioactive nanoparticles that improved the mechanical properties of GICs, but their impact on water sorption and solubility remains undetermined.

This study aimed to evaluate the water sorption/solubility of glass ionomer cement incorporating titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂NPs) in different storage solutions over time.

A total of 60 glass ionomer discs were fabricated, and they were divided into two groups (n=30); conventional glass ionomer (control), TiO₂ NPs modified glass ionomer. Each group was subdivided into three subgroups according to the type of storage solution used (n=10); artificial saliva, mouthwash with alcohol, and mouthwash without alcohol. Water sorption% and solubility% were recorded after immersion of specimens in the storage solutions according to the subdivided groups; at 24hrs, 1 week, and 1 month.

TiO₂NPs were associated with a significant decrease in sorption% in artificial saliva at 1 week, alcohol at 24hrs, and a significant decrease in solubility% in all storage solutions at 24hrs and artificial saliva at 1 week. There was a significant decrease in water uptake associated with both materials in artificial saliva, also with TiO₂NPs modified type in alcohol-free mouth washes. There was a gradual significant increase in solubility% for conventional GIC in artificial saliva and TiO₂NPs modified type in alcohol (p≤0.05).

TiO₂NPs may play a promising role in improving water sorption and solubility of conventional GIC, considering the type of storage solution and time.