REVIEW ARTICLE


Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Management of Radiation Hazards in Dentistry



Gundeep Singh1, Amit Sood2, Ambreen Kaur3, Deepak Gupta4, *
1 Department of Pedodontics, Haldia College of Dental Sciences and Research, West Bengal, India
2 Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Shaheed Kartar Singh Sarabha Dental College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
3 Department of Orthodontics, Luxmi Bai Dental College, Patiala, Punjab, India
4 Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, M.M.College of Dental Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India


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Creative Commons License
© 2018 Singh et al.

open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode). This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, M.M.College of Dental Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India; Tel: +919896671281; E-mail: drdeepak_26@rediffmail.com


Abstract

Introduction:

With the advent of newer radiographic diagnostic procedures of the maxillofacial region, there is a drastic increase in the use of Ionizing radiation which further leads to increased chance of radiation hazards among the patients and the health care workers. In addition to the diagnostic information extracted, the radiation exposure carries the potential to induce carcinogenesis in the exposed individual. However, the amount of Radiation exposure in dentistry is significantly low but it is still harmful owing to the requirement of repeated radiographic examination during the dental treatment. Therefore, to ensure minimum and inevitable exposure during dental treatment, it is necessary to follow principles of radiation protection and safety.

Recommendations:

Several studies in the literature have revealed that the attitude and knowledge of the dental professionals regarding radiation safety is not up to the mark. Henceforth, there is a necessity of implementing certain basic guidelines regarding radiation safety and protection. Further state dental councils must advocate new and interesting methods of education regarding the same and should introduce strict rules and penalties for this spectrum of field.

Conclusion:

This present short commentary is to familiarize the dental practitioner regarding the methods to minimize the risk of the radiation hazards. Further this article will also educate the dental practitioners regarding the pathogenesis of Radiation effects during Radiation therapy of head and neck region along with pertinent management protocols.

Keywords: Radiation induced effects, Management, Radiation, Dental professionals, Carcinogenesis, Radiation safety.