REVIEW ARTICLE


Perspectives of Immune Suppression in the Tumor Microenvironment Promoting Oral Malignancy



Nobuo Kondoh1, *, Masako Mizuno-Kamiya2, Eiji Takayama1, Harumi Kawati1, Naoki Umemura1, Yutaka Yamazaki3, Kenji Mitsudo4, Iwai Tohnai4
1 Department of Oral Biochemistry, Division of Oral Structure, Function and Development, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu, 501-0296, Japan
2 Department of Management and Information Studies, Chemistry Laboratory, Asahi University School of Business Administration, 1851 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu501-0296, Japan
3 Department of Oral Health Science, Gerodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-13, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8586, Japan
4 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan


Article Metrics

CrossRef Citations:
8
Total Statistics:

Full-Text HTML Views: 508
Abstract HTML Views: 135
PDF Downloads: 91
ePub Downloads: 45
Total Views/Downloads: 779
Unique Statistics:

Full-Text HTML Views: 240
Abstract HTML Views: 102
PDF Downloads: 75
ePub Downloads: 38
Total Views/Downloads: 455



Creative Commons License
© 2018 Kondoh et al.

open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode). This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Oral Biochemistry, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu, 501-0296, Japan; Tel: +81-058-329-1416; E-mail: nkondoh@dent.asahi-u.ac.jp


Abstract

Introduction:

In order to survive, cancers control immune systems and evade immune detection using mediators consisting of immune checkpoint molecules and cellular systems associated with immune suppression.

Methodology:

During the development of cancer and chronic infections, the immune checkpoints and cellular components including regulatory T cells, myeloid derived suppressor cells and cancer associated fibroblasts are often enhanced as a mechanism of immune subversion and have therefore become very important therapeutic targets.

Conclusion:

In this review, we will discuss the complexity of immune-suppressive mechanisms in the tumor milieu of cancers, including oral malignancy.

Keywords: Immune suppression, Tumor Microenvironment (TME), T-Regulatory cell (Treg), Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cell (MDSC), Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs), Oral malignancy.