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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Influence of Glide Path on Apically Extruded Debris in Curved Root Canals During Root Canal Preparation Using Three Different Single-file Instrumentation Systems with Improved Alloy Technology: An In Vitro Study

Muhammad Zubair Ahmad1 , * Open Modal iD Authors Info & Affiliations
The Open Dentistry Journal 26 May 2025 RESEARCH ARTICLE DOI: 10.2174/0118742106371943250521064000

Abstract

Background

The apically extruded debris [AED] is an unwanted complication during root canal preparation, especially in curved canals.

Purpose

This study aimed to assess the impact of the glide path on the quantity of AED during root canal preparation with three different single-file systems with improved alloy technology in extremely curved canals.

Materials and Methods

One hundred and twenty maxillary teeth with severe curvature [25°-45°] were randomly assigned to six groups [n=20]. No glide path was created in three groups, whereas in the remaining three groups, a glide path was established in the mesiobuccal canals. Root canal instrumentation of the mesiobuccal canals was performed using three single-file systems: Reciproc Blue [RCB], WaveOne Gold [WOG], and TruNatomy [TN]. AED was collected in pre-weighed Eppendorf tubes, which were subsequently stored in an incubator at 37 °C for two weeks. The weight of the dry extruded debris was determined by subtracting the pre-instrumentation weight from the post-instrumentation weight of the Eppendorf tubes. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn’s post-hoc test with Holm correction [p<0.05].

Results

RCB and WOG without glide path extruded significantly more debris than other groups [p<0.05]. The canal preparation required significantly less time in teeth with a glide path than the teeth without a glide path [p<0.05].

Conclusion

Within the limitations of this in vitro study, all tested instruments caused debris extrusion. A glide path significantly reduced the amount of AED and the preparation time. TN files extruded less debris compared with RCB and WOG.

Keywords: Comparative study, Endodontics, Instrumentation, in vitro study, Molar, Root canal therapy.
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