<?xml version="1.0"?>
<doi_batch xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.crossref.org/schema/4.4.0" xmlns:fr="http://www.crossref.org/fundref.xsd" xmlns:ct="http://www.crossref.org/clinicaltrials.xsd" xmlns:ai="http://www.crossref.org/AccessIndicators.xsd" xmlns:rel="http://www.crossref.org/relations.xsd" xmlns:jats="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1" version="4.4.0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.crossref.org/schema/4.4.0 crossref4.4.0.xsd">
  <head>
    <doi_batch_id>TODENTJ-25-03-2019_TODENTJ-8-264</doi_batch_id>
    <timestamp>1553505594</timestamp>
    <depositor>
      <depositor_name>Bentham Open</depositor_name>
      <email_address>doi@benthamopen.net</email_address>
    </depositor>
    <registrant>Bentham Open</registrant>
  </head>
  <body>
    <journal>
      <journal_metadata language="en">
        <full_title>The Open Dentistry Journal</full_title>
        <abbrev_title>TODENTJ</abbrev_title>
        <issn media_type="print">1874-2106</issn>
      </journal_metadata>
      <journal_issue>
        <publication_date media_type="print">
          <month>1</month>
          <day>6
                </day>
          <year>2015</year>
        </publication_date>
        <journal_volume>
          <volume>8</volume>
        </journal_volume>
        <issue>1</issue>
      </journal_issue>
      <journal_article publication_type="full_text">
        <titles>
          <title> Dental Bleaching Techniques; Hydrogen-carbamide Peroxides and Light Sources for Activation, an Update. Mini Review Article</title>
        </titles>
        <contributors>
          <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="first">
            <given_name>Leandro </given_name>
            <surname>Féliz-Matos</surname>
          </person_name>
          <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="additional">
            <given_name>Luis Miguel </given_name>
            <surname>Hernández </surname>
          </person_name>
          <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="additional">
            <given_name>Ninoska </given_name>
            <surname>Abreu</surname>
          </person_name>
        </contributors>
        <jats:abstract>
                <jats:p>Hydrogen and carbamide peroxides have been successfully used for many years; in the past century the dental bleaching technique suffered several changes and almost 10 years before new millennium the technique was finally recognized by the international agencies of regulation.</jats:p>
                <jats:p>It is important that Dentists handle the peroxides with the essential knowledge, because it is demonstrated that satisfactory final results of this technique depend on the correct diagnosis of stains, management of the substrates (enamel and dentin) and as well sensitivity.</jats:p>
                <jats:p>Dentists are exposed to several dental bleaching techniques, products and brands, and in the last 2 decades the devices for light activation of the peroxides have become an extensive catalog. Today, the technique is also suffering changes based on the effectiveness of the different light sources for peroxide activation and its relation to satisfactory final results of the technique.</jats:p>
                <jats:p>The purpose of this literature review is to explain the determinant factors that influence satisfactory final results of the techniques and provide a general overview, in order to achieve a treatment decision based on evidence.</jats:p>
            </jats:abstract>
        <publication_date>
          <month>1</month>
          <day>6
                </day>
          <year>2015</year>
        </publication_date>
        <pages>
          <first_page>264</first_page>
          <last_page>268</last_page>
        </pages>
        <publisher_item>
          <identifier id_type="sici">TODENTJ-8-264</identifier>
        </publisher_item>
        <crossmark>
          <crossmark_version>1</crossmark_version>
          <crossmark_policy>10.2174/crossmark_policy</crossmark_policy>
          <crossmark_domains>
            <crossmark_domain>
              <domain>opendentistryjournal.com</domain>
            </crossmark_domain>
            <crossmark_domain>
              <domain>benthamopen.com</domain>
            </crossmark_domain>
          </crossmark_domains>
          <crossmark_domain_exclusive>true</crossmark_domain_exclusive>
          <custom_metadata>
            <assertion name="review_status" label="Review Status" group_name="peer_review_details" group_label="Peer Review Details" order="0">Peer Reviewed</assertion>
            <assertion name="review_process" label="Review Process" group_name="peer_review_details" group_label="Peer Review Details" order="1">Single blind</assertion>
            <assertion name="screening_status" label="Screening Status" group_name="plagiarism_screening" group_label="Plagiarism Screening" order="0">Checked with iThenticate</assertion>
            <assertion name="received" label="Received" group_name="publication_history" group_label="Publication History" order="0">2014-9-17</assertion>
            <assertion name="revised" label="Revised" group_name="publication_history" group_label="Publication History" order="1">2014-10-19</assertion>
            <assertion name="accepted" label="Accepted" group_name="publication_history" group_label="Publication History" order="2">2014-11-17</assertion>
            <assertion name="published" label="Published" group_name="publication_history" group_label="Publication History" order="3">2015-1-6
                </assertion>
            <ai:program name="AccessIndicators">
              <ai:license_ref>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</ai:license_ref>
            </ai:program>
          </custom_metadata>
        </crossmark>
        <doi_data>
          <doi>10.2174/1874210601408010264</doi>
          <timestamp>1553505594</timestamp>
          <resource>https://opendentistryjournal.com/VOLUME/8/PAGE/264/</resource>
          <collection property="crawler-based">
            <item crawler="google">
              <resource>https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V8/TODENTJ-8-264/TODENTJ-8-264.pdf</resource>
            </item>
            <item crawler="msn">
              <resource>https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V8/TODENTJ-8-264/TODENTJ-8-264.pdf</resource>
            </item>
            <item crawler="altavista">
              <resource>https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V8/TODENTJ-8-264/TODENTJ-8-264.pdf</resource>
            </item>
            <item crawler="yahoo">
              <resource>https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V8/TODENTJ-8-264/TODENTJ-8-264.pdf</resource>
            </item>
            <item crawler="scirus">
              <resource>https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V8/TODENTJ-8-264/TODENTJ-8-264.pdf</resource>
            </item>
            <item crawler="iParadigms">
              <resource>https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V8/TODENTJ-8-264/TODENTJ-8-264.pdf</resource>
            </item>
          </collection>
          <collection property="text-mining">
            <item>
              <resource mime_type="application/pdf">https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V8/TODENTJ-8-264/TODENTJ-8-264.pdf</resource>
            </item>
            <item>
              <resource mime_type="application/xml">https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V8/TODENTJ-8-264/TODENTJ-8-264.xml</resource>
            </item>
          </collection>
        </doi_data>
        <citation_list>
          <citation key="refR1">
            <journal_title>Quinten Publ.</journal_title>
            <author>Maryline M</author>
            <volume>39</volume>
            <first_page>645</first_page>
            <cYear>2008</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Maryline M, Rene S. 
                    Vital tooth bleaching-biologic adverse effects- a review. 
                    Quinten Publ  
                    2008; 
                    39
                    : 645-59.
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR2">
            <journal_title>Health Wellness Reso Cent.</journal_title>
            <author>Dominguez A</author>
            <volume>29</volume>
            <first_page>53</first_page>
            <cYear>2011</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Dominguez A, Garcia J, Costela A, Conez C. 
                    Influence of the light source and bleaching gel on the tooth whitening process. 
                    Health Wellness Reso Cent  
                    2011; 
                    29
                    : 53-7.
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR3">
            <journal_title>J Oral Laser Ap-plic.</journal_title>
            <author>Ferrarazi M</author>
            <volume>3</volume>
            <first_page>167</first_page>
            <cYear>2003</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Ferrarazi M, Huck C, Machado M. 
                    A vital tooth bleaching technique with a compound light system led. 
                    J Oral Laser Ap-plic  
                    2003; 
                    3
                    : 167-72.
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR4">
            <journal_title>J Conser Dent.</journal_title>
            <author>Ameri H</author>
            <volume>14</volume>
            <first_page>73</first_page>
            <cYear>2011</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Ameri H. 
                    Effects of different bleaching time interval on frac-ture toughness of enamel. 
                    J Conser Dent  
                    2011; 
                    14
                    : 73-5.
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR5">
            <journal_title>Open Dent J.</journal_title>
            <author>Grobler SR</author>
            <volume>5</volume>
            <first_page>18</first_page>
            <cYear>2011</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Grobler SR, Majeed A, Moola MH, Rossow RJ, van Wyk Kotze T. 
                    In vivo Spectrophotometric assessment of the tooth Whitening Effectiveness of Nite White 10% with Amorphous Calcium Phosphate, Potassium Nitrate and Fluoride, Over a 6-month Period. 
                    Open Dent J  
                    2011; 
                    5
                    : 18-23.
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR6">
            <journal_title>BMC Oral Health.</journal_title>
            <author>Mon T</author>
            <volume>11</volume>
            <first_page>6</first_page>
            <cYear>2011</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Mon T, Norkhafizah S, Nurhidayati H. 
                    Factor influencing patient satisfaction with dental appearance and treatments they desire to improve aesthetics. 
                    BMC Oral Health  
                    2011; 
                    11
                    : 6.
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR7">
            <journal_title>J Dent.</journal_title>
            <author>Sun L</author>
            <volume>39</volume>
            <first_page>686</first_page>
            <cYear>2011</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Sun L, Liang S, Sa Y , et al. 
                    Surface alteration of human tooth enamel subjected to acidic and neutral 30% hydrogen perox-ide. 
                    J Dent  
                    2011; 
                    39
                    : 686-92.
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR8">
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Golsdtein G, Ed. 
                    Complete Dental Bleaching. 
                    1st ed USA Quint Public. 
                     1995.
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR9">
            <journal_title>Doctor en Odontolog a. Escuela de Odontolg a niversidad Iberoamericana UNIBE Santo Domingo DR</journal_title>
            <author>Lugo V</author>
            <cYear>2003</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Lugo V, Campillo P, Feliz L. 
                    Efectos de los agentes blan-queantes usados en el blanqueamiento dental vital ambulato-rio supervisado sobre los tejidos blandos y los tejidos denta-les. 
                    Doctor en Odontolog a Escuela de Odontolg a niversidad Iberoamericana UNIBE Santo Domingo DR 
                    2003.
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR10">
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Schwartz R, Ed. 
                    Fundamentos en Odontología operatoria. 
                    1st ed Colombia D'vinni editorial Ltda. 
                     1999.
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR11">
            <journal_title>Clin Oral Investig. Available from http: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24298810</journal_title>
            <author>Chen X</author>
            <cYear>2013</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Chen X, Chen Z, Lin Y, Shao J, Yin L. 
                    Effects of tooth whit-ening agents and acidic drink on the surface properties of dental enamel. 
                    Clin Oral Investig Available from http: //wwwncbinlmnihgov/pubmed/24298810 
                    2013.
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR12">
            <journal_title>1ed. Chile n/a</journal_title>
            <author>Moncada C</author>
            <cYear>1999</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Moncada C, Gustavo A, Vicente U. 
                    Blanqueamiento en Odon-tología. 
                    1ed Chile n/a 
                    1999.
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR13">
            <journal_title>Doctora en Odontolog a. Facultad de odontolog a Universidad de Grana-da Espa a</journal_title>
            <author>Santana J</author>
            <cYear>2010</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Santana J. 
                    Blanqueamiento dental estudio clínico para el desarrollo de métodos estadísticos e inteligentes para la pre-dicción del cambio cromático, tesis doctoral. 
                    Doctora en Odontolog a Facultad de odontolog a Universidad de Grana-da Espa a 
                    2010.
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR14">
            <journal_title>J Conserv Dent.</journal_title>
            <author>Bharti R</author>
            <volume>16</volume>
            <first_page>131</first_page>
            <cYear>2013</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Bharti R, Wadhwani K. 
                    Spectrophotometric evaluation of peroxide penetration into the pulp chamber from whitening strips and gel An in vitro study. 
                    J Conserv Dent  
                    2013; 
                    16
                    : 131-4.
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR15">
            <journal_title>J Dent.</journal_title>
            <author>Soares DG</author>
            <volume>42</volume>
            <first_page>185</first_page>
            <cYear>2014</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Soares DG, Basso FG, Hebling J, de Souza Costa CA. 
                    Concen-trations and application protocols for hydrogen peroxide bleaching gels Effects on pulp cell viability and whitening ef-ficacy. 
                    J Dent  
                    2014; 
                    42
                    : 185-98.
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR16">
            <journal_title>J Conserv Dent.</journal_title>
            <author>Miglany S</author>
            <volume>13</volume>
            <first_page>218</first_page>
            <cYear>2010</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Miglany S, Aggarwal V, Ahuja B. 
                    Dentin hipersesivity Recent trends in management. 
                    J Conserv Dent  
                    2010; 
                    13
                    : 218-4.
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR17">
            <journal_title>J Appl Oral Sci.</journal_title>
            <author>Mondelli RF</author>
            <volume>20</volume>
            <first_page>435</first_page>
            <cYear>2012</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Mondelli RF, Azevedo JF, Francisconi AC, Almeida CM, Ishikiriama SK. 
                    17 Comparative effectiveness of different dental bleaching methods - two year follow-up. 
                    J Appl Oral Sci  
                    2012; 
                    20
                    (4)
                    : 435-.
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR18">
            <journal_title>Eur J Oral Sci.</journal_title>
            <author>Mehta D</author>
            <volume>121</volume>
            <first_page>477</first_page>
            <cYear>2013</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Mehta D, Venkata S, Naganath M, Linga RU, Ishihata H, Fin-ger WJ. 
                    Clinical trial of tooth desensitization prior to in-office bleaching. 
                    Eur J Oral Sci  
                    2013; 
                    121
                    : 477-81.
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR19">
            <journal_title>Br Dent J.</journal_title>
            <author>Bruzell EM</author>
            <volume>215</volume>
            <first_page>E17</first_page>
            <cYear>2013</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Bruzell EM, Pallesen U, Thoresen NR, Wallman C, Dahl JE. 
                    Side effect of external tooth bleaching a multi-centre practice-based prospective study. 
                    Br Dent J  
                    2013; 
                    215
                    (9)
                    : E17.
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR20">
            <journal_title>J Investig Clin Dent.</journal_title>
            <author>Do Carmo Publio J</author>
            <cYear>2013</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Do Carmo Publio J, D'Arce MB, Ambrosano GM , et al. 
                    Efficacy of tooth bleaching with the prior application of a desen-sitizing agent. 
                    J Investig Clin Dent 
                    2013.
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR21">
            <journal_title>Sci World J.</journal_title>
            <author>Torres CR</author>
            <cYear>2013</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Torres CR, Souza Cs, Borges AB, Huhtala MF, Caneppele TM. 
                    Influence of concentration and activation on hydrogen peroxide diffusion through dental tissues in vitro. 
                    Sci World J 
                    2013.
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR22">
            <journal_title>Lasers Med SciAvailable from http: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23780710 . Jun 19.</journal_title>
            <author>Klaric E</author>
            <cYear>2013</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Klaric E, Rakic M, Sever I, Tarle Z. 
                    Temperature rise during experimental light-activated bleaching. 
                    Lasers Med SciAvailable from http: //wwwncbinlmnihgov/pubmed/23780710  Jun 19 
                    2013.
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR23">
            <journal_title>J Am Dent Assoc.</journal_title>
            <author>Do Amaral FL</author>
            <volume>143</volume>
            <first_page>580</first_page>
            <cYear>2012</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Do Amaral FL, Sasaki RT, da Silva TC, França FM, Flório FM, Basting RT. 
                    The effects of home-use and in-office bleaching treatments on calcium and phosphorus concentra-tions in tooth enamel an in vivo study. 
                    J Am Dent Assoc  
                    2012; 
                    143
                    : 580-6.
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR24">
            <journal_title>Oper Dent.Available from http//www.ncbi.nl</journal_title>
            <author>Arruda A</author>
            <cYear>2012</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Arruda A, Santos P, Sundfeld R, Berger S, Briso A. 
                    Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide at 35% on the morphology of enamel and Interference in the de-remineralization Process An In Situ Study. 
                    Oper DentAvailable from http//wwwncbinl 
                    2012.
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR25">
            <journal_title>Eur J Esthet Dent.</journal_title>
            <author>Al-Harbi A</author>
            <volume>8</volume>
            <first_page>226</first_page>
            <cYear>2013</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Al-Harbi A, Ardu S, Bortolotto T, Krejci I. 
                    Effect of extended application time on the efficacy of an in-office hydrogen per-oxide bleaching agent an in vitro study. 
                    Eur J Esthet Dent  
                    2013; 
                    8
                    : 226-36.
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR26">
            <journal_title>J Dent.</journal_title>
            <author>Nutter BJ</author>
            <volume>41</volume>
            <first_page> e3</first_page>
            <cYear>2013</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Nutter BJ, Sharif MO, Smith AB, Brunton PA. 
                    A clinical study comparing the efficacy of light activated in-surgery whitening versus in-surgery whitening without light activation. 
                    J Dent  
                    2013; 
                    41
                    (Suppl 5
            )
                    :  e3-7.
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR27">
            <journal_title>Oper Dent.Available from http//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub-med/22616927 </journal_title>
            <author>Basting R</author>
            <cYear>2012</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Basting R, Amaral F, France F, Florio F. 
                    Clinical comparative study of the effectiveness of and tooth sensitivity to 10% and 20% carbamide peroxide home-use and 35% and 38% hydro-gen peroxide in-office bleaching material containing desensi-tizing agents. 
                    Oper DentAvailable from http//wwwncbinlmnihgov/pub-med/22616927  
                    2012.
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR28">
            <journal_title>Int J Periodont Restorat Dent</journal_title>
            <author>Machado LS</author>
            <volume> 33</volume>
            <first_page>209</first_page>
            <cYear>2013</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Machado LS, de Oliveira FG, Rocha EP , et al. 
                    Clinical trial evaluating color change and tooth sensitivity throughout and following in-office bleaching. 
                    Int J Periodont Restorat Dent  
                    2013; 
                     33
                    : 209-15.
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR29">
            <journal_title>Photochem Photobiol Sci.</journal_title>
            <author>Bruzell EM</author>
            <volume>8</volume>
            <first_page>377</first_page>
            <cYear>2009</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Bruzell EM, Johnsen B , et al. 
                    In vitro efficacy and risk for adverse effects of light-assisted tooth bleaching. 
                    Photochem Photobiol Sci  
                    2009; 
                    8
                    (3)
                    : 377-85.
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR30">
            <journal_title>Odontology.Available from http//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22395767 </journal_title>
            <author>Hahn P</author>
            <cYear>2012</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Hahn P, Schondelmaier N, Wolkewitz M, Altenburgeu MJ, Polydorou O. 
                    Efficacy of tooth bleaching with and without light activation and its effect on the pulp temperature an in vitro study. 
                    OdontologyAvailable from http//wwwncbinlmnihgov/pubmed/22395767  
                    2012.
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR31">
            <journal_title>Acta Odontol Acand.</journal_title>
            <author>Torrez CR</author>
            <volume>69</volume>
            <first_page>176</first_page>
            <cYear>2011</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Torrez CR, Barcellos DC, Batista GR, Borges AB, Cassiano KV, Pucci CR. 
                    Assesment of the effectiveness of light-emitting diode and diode laser hybrid light sources to intensi-ty dental bleaching treatment. 
                    Acta Odontol Acand  
                    2011; 
                    69
                    : 176-81.
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="refR32">
            <unstructured_citation>
                    URL: https: //www.ultradent.com/en-us/Dental-Products-Supplies/Tooth-Whitening/In-Office-Whitening/Opalescence-Boost-PF-40-percent/Pages/default.aspx. 
                    2014.
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
        </citation_list>
      </journal_article>
    </journal>
  </body>
</doi_batch>
