TODENTJ-25-03-2019_TODENTJ-3-42 1553505042 Bentham Open doi@benthamopen.net Bentham Open The Open Dentistry Journal TODENTJ 1874-2106 3 27 2009 3 1 Jahanfar Jahanbani Leiv Sandvik Torstein Lyberg Eva Ahlfors The mucosal membrane of the oral cavity displays at times classical developmental lesions considered to be variations of normal structures rather than having disease characteristics. Of these lesions leukoedema, Fordyce granules, geographic-, fissured- and hairy tongue, median rhomboid glossitis and lingual varices were studied in 598 patients referred to the School of Dentistry, Tehran, Iran. The prevalence was studied in relation to age, gender, occupation, education, smoking habits, general health, addictions and or drug therapies. Oral developmental lesions were seen in 295 patients (49.3%). Only Fordyce granules (27,9%), fissured tongue (12,9%), leukoedema (12,5%) and hairy tongue (8,9%) had enough cases for statistical analysis. Three of these lesions increased with age but not fissured tongue. All were more common in men. After adjusting for age, the parameters education, occupation and complaints upon referral had little influence on the prevalence of the lesions. Fewer Fordyce granules were seen in oral mucosa of smoking men. Leukoedema and hairy tongue were significantly associated with smoking, leukoedema with diabetes mellitus. We conclude that there was a highly significant association between these oral lesions and age, gender and smoking. Few significant associations were found between oral lesions and general diseases. 3 27 2009 42 47 TODENTJ-3-42 1 10.2174/crossmark_policy opendentistryjournal.com benthamopen.com true Peer Reviewed Single blind Checked with iThenticate 2008-8-7 2008-10-23 2009-2-26 2009-3-27 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ 10.2174/1874210600903010042 1553505042 https://opendentistryjournal.com/VOLUME/3/PAGE/42/ https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V3/TODENTJ-3-42/TODENTJ-3-42.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V3/TODENTJ-3-42/TODENTJ-3-42.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V3/TODENTJ-3-42/TODENTJ-3-42.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V3/TODENTJ-3-42/TODENTJ-3-42.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V3/TODENTJ-3-42/TODENTJ-3-42.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V3/TODENTJ-3-42/TODENTJ-3-42.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V3/TODENTJ-3-42/TODENTJ-3-42.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V3/TODENTJ-3-42/TODENTJ-3-42.xml Shafer WG, Hine MK, Levy BM. 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