TODENTJ-25-03-2019_TODENTJ-3-132 1553505069 Bentham Open doi@benthamopen.net Bentham Open The Open Dentistry Journal TODENTJ 1874-2106 6 09 2009 3 1 David Keinan Anna Radko Patricia Smith Uri Zilberman Objectives: This study was carried out to evaluate the extent of differences in mineralization of inner and outer enamel of the lower primary second molars of children with Down syndrome (DS) and Cerebral Palsy (CP) as revealed by acid treatment of exfoliated teeth. The results were compared to those obtained from a control group of healthy children. Methods: The sample included 4 mandibular second molars from each group. On each tooth, a thin section was cut, bisecting the mesial cusps. The analysis was carried out on the mesio-buccal cusps. Atomic force microscopy (AMF) was used to analyze the morphological structure of the dental enamel after 10 sec of 0.1 mol% citric acid treatment. The measurements were performed on 3 points in the enamel close to the outer surface and 3 points in the enamel close to the dentin. The differences between groups were analyzed using Mann Whitney tests. Results: In controls and CP teeth the outer enamel was more resistant to etching than the inner enamel. In DS teeth both outer and inner enamel showed similar results for all parameters. Between group comparisons showed that roughness values were significantly higher (P<0.01) in DS teeth than in either controls or CP teeth. No significant differences were found between CP and control teeth. Conclusions: The higher values obtained for DS enamel reflect increased solubility of the enamel to acid relative to controls and CP teeth together with irregularity of the organic matrix. The practical importance of the results is that DS primary molars needs reduced etching time when prepared for pit and fissure sealants or composite/compomer restorations. 6 09 2009 132 136 TODENTJ-3-132 1 10.2174/crossmark_policy opendentistryjournal.com benthamopen.com true Peer Reviewed Single blind Checked with iThenticate 2008-6-27 2009-1-15 2009-3-26 2009-6-09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ 10.2174/1874210600903010132 1553505069 https://opendentistryjournal.com/VOLUME/3/PAGE/132/ https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V3/TODENTJ-3-132/TODENTJ-3-132.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V3/TODENTJ-3-132/TODENTJ-3-132.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V3/TODENTJ-3-132/TODENTJ-3-132.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V3/TODENTJ-3-132/TODENTJ-3-132.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V3/TODENTJ-3-132/TODENTJ-3-132.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V3/TODENTJ-3-132/TODENTJ-3-132.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V3/TODENTJ-3-132/TODENTJ-3-132.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V3/TODENTJ-3-132/TODENTJ-3-132.xml Ten Cate AR. 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