<?xml version="1.0"?>
<doi_batch xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.crossref.org/schema/4.4.0" xmlns:fr="http://www.crossref.org/fundref.xsd" xmlns:ct="http://www.crossref.org/clinicaltrials.xsd" xmlns:ai="http://www.crossref.org/AccessIndicators.xsd" xmlns:rel="http://www.crossref.org/relations.xsd" xmlns:jats="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/JATS1" version="4.4.0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.crossref.org/schema/4.4.0 crossref4.4.0.xsd">
  <head>
    <doi_batch_id>TODENTJ-25-03-2019_TODENTJ-12-811</doi_batch_id>
    <timestamp>1553507531</timestamp>
    <depositor>
      <depositor_name>Bentham Open</depositor_name>
      <email_address>doi@benthamopen.net</email_address>
    </depositor>
    <registrant>Bentham Open</registrant>
  </head>
  <body>
    <journal>
      <journal_metadata language="en">
        <full_title>The Open Dentistry Journal</full_title>
        <abbrev_title>TODENTJ</abbrev_title>
        <issn media_type="print">1874-2106</issn>
      </journal_metadata>
      <journal_issue>
        <publication_date media_type="print">
          <month>10</month>
          <day>25</day>
          <year>2018</year>
        </publication_date>
        <journal_volume>
          <volume>12</volume>
        </journal_volume>
        <issue>1</issue>
      </journal_issue>
      <journal_article publication_type="full_text">
        <titles>
          <title>Effectiveness of S-PRG Filler-Containing Toothpaste in Inhibiting Demineralization of Human Tooth Surface</title>
        </titles>
        <contributors>
          <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="first">
            <given_name>Bennett T.</given_name>
            <surname>Amaechi</surname>
          </person_name>
          <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="additional">
            <given_name>Hariyali</given_name>
            <surname>Kasundra</surname>
          </person_name>
          <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="additional">
            <given_name>Deepika</given_name>
            <surname>Joshi</surname>
          </person_name>
          <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="additional">
            <given_name>Azadeh</given_name>
            <surname>Abdollahi</surname>
          </person_name>
          <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="additional">
            <given_name>Parveez A. A.</given_name>
            <surname>Azees</surname>
          </person_name>
          <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="additional">
            <given_name>Linda O.</given_name>
            <surname>Okoye</surname>
          </person_name>
        </contributors>
        <jats:abstract>
                <jats:sec>
                    <jats:title>Objectives:</jats:title>
                    <jats:p>Using an established pH-cycling caries model, the authors evaluated the effectiveness of toothpastes containing Surface Pre-reacted Glass-ionomer filler (S-PRG) in preventing tooth surface demineralization.</jats:p>
                </jats:sec>
                <jats:sec>
                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:</jats:title>
                    <jats:p>210 tooth blocks were randomly assigned to seven experimental groups (30 blocks/group): no treatment (A), and toothpaste containing either NaF (B), 0 wt% S-PRG (C), 1 wt% S-PRG (D), 5 wt% S-PRG (E), 20 wt% S-PRG (F) or 30 wt% S-PRG (G). Groups were subjected to 14-day demineralization for development of early caries lesions using a pH-cycling caries model. Demineralization was assessed using Quantitative Light-induced Fluorescence (QLF) and Transverse Microradiography (TMR). All pairwise contrasts (between treatments) were tested using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and then Tukey’s HSD for multiple comparisons. All <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>-values are considered significant if &lt;0.05.</jats:p>
                </jats:sec>
                <jats:sec>
                    <jats:title>Results:</jats:title>
                    <jats:p>With QLF, there was a significant (ANOVA; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>&lt;0.001) difference in mean percent fluorescence loss (∆F) observed among the groups. Relative to control, all S-PRG-containing toothpastes significantly (Tukey’s; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>&lt;0.0001) inhibited demineralization at varying percentages (48.6%, 61.3%, 67.4% and 69.8% reduction with S-PRG 1%, 5%, 20% and 30% respectively). Demineralization reduction was not significant with either NaF (15.6% reduction) or 0% S-PRG (-2.5% reduction <jats:italic>i.e.</jats:italic> 2.5% more demineralization than the Control) when compared to control group. Mineral loss assessed using TMR followed a similar trend as fluorescence loss.</jats:p>
                </jats:sec>
                <jats:sec>
                    <jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title>
                    <jats:p>Toothpaste containing S-PRG filler can serve as an effective caries control tool. S-PRG filler-containing dentifrice to be more effective in preventing tooth demineralization than 1100 ppm fluoride provided as sodium fluoride.</jats:p>
                </jats:sec>
            </jats:abstract>
        <publication_date>
          <month>10</month>
          <day>25</day>
          <year>2018</year>
        </publication_date>
        <pages>
          <first_page>811</first_page>
          <last_page>819</last_page>
        </pages>
        <publisher_item>
          <identifier id_type="sici">TODENTJ-12-811</identifier>
        </publisher_item>
        <crossmark>
          <crossmark_version>1</crossmark_version>
          <crossmark_policy>10.2174/crossmark_policy</crossmark_policy>
          <crossmark_domains>
            <crossmark_domain>
              <domain>opendentistryjournal.com</domain>
            </crossmark_domain>
            <crossmark_domain>
              <domain>benthamopen.com</domain>
            </crossmark_domain>
          </crossmark_domains>
          <crossmark_domain_exclusive>true</crossmark_domain_exclusive>
          <custom_metadata>
            <assertion name="review_status" label="Review Status" group_name="peer_review_details" group_label="Peer Review Details" order="0">Peer Reviewed</assertion>
            <assertion name="review_process" label="Review Process" group_name="peer_review_details" group_label="Peer Review Details" order="1">Single blind</assertion>
            <assertion name="screening_status" label="Screening Status" group_name="plagiarism_screening" group_label="Plagiarism Screening" order="0">Checked with iThenticate</assertion>
            <assertion name="received" label="Received" group_name="publication_history" group_label="Publication History" order="0">2018-7-13</assertion>
            <assertion name="revised" label="Revised" group_name="publication_history" group_label="Publication History" order="1">2018-8-23</assertion>
            <assertion name="accepted" label="Accepted" group_name="publication_history" group_label="Publication History" order="2">2018-10-2</assertion>
            <assertion name="published" label="Published" group_name="publication_history" group_label="Publication History" order="3">2018-10-25</assertion>
            <ai:program name="AccessIndicators">
              <ai:license_ref>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode</ai:license_ref>
            </ai:program>
          </custom_metadata>
        </crossmark>
        <doi_data>
          <doi>10.2174/1874210601812010811</doi>
          <timestamp>1553507531</timestamp>
          <resource>https://opendentistryjournal.com/VOLUME/12/PAGE/811/</resource>
          <collection property="crawler-based">
            <item crawler="google">
              <resource>https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V12/TODENTJ-12-811/TODENTJ-12-811.pdf</resource>
            </item>
            <item crawler="msn">
              <resource>https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V12/TODENTJ-12-811/TODENTJ-12-811.pdf</resource>
            </item>
            <item crawler="altavista">
              <resource>https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V12/TODENTJ-12-811/TODENTJ-12-811.pdf</resource>
            </item>
            <item crawler="yahoo">
              <resource>https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V12/TODENTJ-12-811/TODENTJ-12-811.pdf</resource>
            </item>
            <item crawler="scirus">
              <resource>https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V12/TODENTJ-12-811/TODENTJ-12-811.pdf</resource>
            </item>
            <item crawler="iParadigms">
              <resource>https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V12/TODENTJ-12-811/TODENTJ-12-811.pdf</resource>
            </item>
          </collection>
          <collection property="text-mining">
            <item>
              <resource mime_type="application/pdf">https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V12/TODENTJ-12-811/TODENTJ-12-811.pdf</resource>
            </item>
            <item>
              <resource mime_type="application/xml">https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V12/TODENTJ-12-811/TODENTJ-12-811.xml</resource>
            </item>
          </collection>
        </doi_data>
        <citation_list>
          <citation key="ref1">
            <journal_title>J. Dent. Res.</journal_title>
            <author>Kassebaum N.J.</author>
            <volume>94</volume>
            <first_page>650</first_page>
            <cYear>2015</cYear>
            <doi>10.1177/0022034515573272</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Kassebaum NJ, Bernabé E, Dahiya M, Bhandari B, Murray CJ, Marcenes W. 
                    Global burden of untreated caries: A systematic review and metaregression. 
                    J Dent Res  
                    2015; 
                    94
                    (5)
                    : 650-8.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref2">
            <journal_title>J. Dent. Res.</journal_title>
            <author>Marcenes W.</author>
            <volume>92</volume>
            <first_page>592</first_page>
            <cYear>2013</cYear>
            <doi>10.1177/0022034513490168</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Marcenes W, Kassebaum NJ, Bernabé E, et al. 
                    Global burden of oral conditions in 1990-2010: A systematic analysis. 
                    J Dent Res  
                    2013; 
                    92
                    (7)
                    : 592-7.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref3">
            <unstructured_citation>
                    
                 SIGN 138, Dental Interventions to prevent caries, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, Edinburgh 2014. Available online 
                    http:// www.sign.ac.uk/ guidelines/ fulltext/138/ index.html [Accessed 15 May 2018].</unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref4">
            <unstructured_citation>
                    
                 SDCEP Prevention and Management of Dental Caries in Children Dundee 2014. Available online
                    http:// www.sdcep.org.uk/ published-guidance/ caries-in-children/ [Accessed 15 May 2018].</unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref5">
            <journal_title>Monogr. Oral Sci.</journal_title>
            <author>Amaechi B.T.</author>
            <volume>23</volume>
            <first_page>15</first_page>
            <cYear>2013</cYear>
            <doi>10.1159/000350458</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Amaechi BT, van Loveren C. 
                    Fluorides and non-fluoride remineralization systems. 
                    Monogr Oral Sci  
                    2013; 
                    23
                    : 15-26.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref6">
            <journal_title>J. Am. Dent. Assoc.</journal_title>
            <volume>137</volume>
            <first_page>1151</first_page>
            <cYear>2006</cYear>
            <doi>10.14219/jada.archive.2006.0356</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    
                    Professionally applied topical fluoride: Evidence-based clinical recommendations. 
                    J Am Dent Assoc  
                    2006; 
                    137
                    (8)
                    : 1151-9.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref7">
            <journal_title>J. Am. Dent. Assoc.</journal_title>
            <author>Rethman M.P.</author>
            <volume>142</volume>
            <first_page>1065</first_page>
            <cYear>2011</cYear>
            <doi>10.14219/jada.archive.2011.0329</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Rethman MP, Beltrán-Aguilar ED, Billings RJ, et al. 
                    Nonfluoride caries-preventive agents: Executive summary of evidence-based clinical recommendations. 
                    J Am Dent Assoc  
                    2011; 
                    142
                    (9)
                    : 1065-71.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref8">
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Fontana M, Ngo HC, Walsh LJ, Amaechi BT. 
                    Aids to remineralization. In: Mount GJ, Hume WR, Ngo HC, Wolff MS, Eds. 
                    Preservation and Restoration of Tooth Structure  
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    2016; 
                    67-80.
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref9">
            <journal_title>Dent. Mater. J.</journal_title>
            <author>Shimazu K.</author>
            <volume>30</volume>
            <first_page>923</first_page>
            <cYear>2011</cYear>
            <doi>10.4012/dmj.2011-124</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Shimazu K, Ogata K, Karibe H. 
                    Evaluation of the ion-releasing and recharging abilities of a resin-based fissure sealant containing S-PRG filler. 
                    Dent Mater J  
                    2011; 
                    30
                    (6)
                    : 923-7.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref10">
            <journal_title>Dent. Mater. J.</journal_title>
            <author>Han L.</author>
            <volume>21</volume>
            <first_page>285</first_page>
            <cYear>2002</cYear>
            <doi>10.4012/dmj.21.285</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Han L, Cv E, Li M, et al. 
                    Effect of fluoride mouth rinse on fluoride releasing and recharging from aesthetic dental materials. 
                    Dent Mater J  
                    2002; 
                    21
                    (4)
                    : 285-95.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref11">
            <journal_title>Acad Dental Materials</journal_title>
            <author>Itota T.</author>
            <volume>20</volume>
            <first_page>789</first_page>
            <cYear>2004</cYear>
            <doi>10.1016/j.dental.2003.11.009</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Itota T, Carrick TE, Yoshiyama M, McCabe JF. 
                    Fluoride release and recharge in giomer, compomer and resin composite. Dental materials: Official publication. 
                    Acad Dental Materials  
                    2004; 
                    20
                    (9)
                    : 789-95.
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref12">
            <journal_title>Dent. Mater. J.</journal_title>
            <author>Fujimoto Y.</author>
            <volume>29</volume>
            <first_page>392</first_page>
            <cYear>2010</cYear>
            <doi>10.4012/dmj.2010-015</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Fujimoto Y, Iwasa M, Murayama R, Miyazaki M, Nagafuji A, Nakatsuka T. 
                    Detection of ions released from S-PRG fillers and their modulation effect. 
                    Dent Mater J  
                    2010; 
                    29
                    (4)
                    : 392-7.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref13">
            <journal_title>Arch. Oral Biol.</journal_title>
            <author>Suzuki N.</author>
            <volume>59</volume>
            <first_page>407</first_page>
            <cYear>2014</cYear>
            <doi>10.1016/j.archoralbio.2014.01.009</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Suzuki N, Yoneda M, Haruna K, et al. 
                    Effects of S-PRG eluate on oral biofilm and oral malodor. 
                    Arch Oral Biol  
                    2014; 
                    59
                    (4)
                    : 407-13.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref14">
            <journal_title>J. Investig. Clin. Dent.</journal_title>
            <author>Amaechi B.T.</author>
            <volume>8</volume>
            <cYear>2017</cYear>
            <doi>10.1111/jicd.12249</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Amaechi BT, Key MC, Balu S, Okoye LO, Gakunga PT. 
                    Evaluation of the caries-preventive effect of toothpaste containing surface prereacted glass-ionomer filler. 
                    J Investig Clin Dent  
                    2017; 
                    8
                    (4)
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref15">
            <journal_title>Oper. Dent.</journal_title>
            <author>Asano K.</author>
            <volume>39</volume>
            <first_page>159</first_page>
            <cYear>2014</cYear>
            <doi>10.2341/13-034-L</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Asano K, Kawamoto R, Iino M, et al. 
                    Effect of pre-reacted glass-ionomer filler extraction solution on demineralization of bovine enamel. 
                    Oper Dent  
                    2014; 
                    39
                    (2)
                    : 159-65.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref16">
            <journal_title>Eur. J. Oral Sci.</journal_title>
            <author>Kaga M.</author>
            <volume>122</volume>
            <first_page>78</first_page>
            <cYear>2014</cYear>
            <doi>10.1111/eos.12107</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Kaga M, Kakuda S, Ida Y, et al. 
                    Inhibition of enamel demineralization by buffering effect of S-PRG filler-containing dental sealant. 
                    Eur J Oral Sci  
                    2014; 
                    122
                    (1)
                    : 78-83.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref17">
            <journal_title>Int. J. Dent.</journal_title>
            <author>Kawasaki K.</author>
            <volume>2014</volume>
            <first_page>463149</first_page>
            <cYear>2014</cYear>
            <doi>10.1155/2014/463149</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Kawasaki K, Kambara M. 
                    Effects of ion-releasing tooth-coating material on demineralization of bovine tooth enamel. 
                    Int J Dent  
                    2014; 
                    2014
                    : 463149.
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref18">
            <journal_title>J. Dent.</journal_title>
            <author>Ito S.</author>
            <volume>39</volume>
            <first_page>72</first_page>
            <cYear>2011</cYear>
            <doi>10.1016/j.jdent.2010.10.011</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Ito S, Iijima M, Hashimoto M, Tsukamoto N, Mizoguchi I, Saito T. 
                    Effects of surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer fillers on mineral induction by phosphoprotein. 
                    J Dent  
                    2011; 
                    39
                    (1)
                    : 72-9.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref19">
            <journal_title>Pharm. Anal. Acta</journal_title>
            <author>Yoneda M.</author>
            <volume>6</volume>
            <first_page>349</first_page>
            <cYear>2015</cYear>
            <doi>10.4172/2153-2435.1000349</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Yoneda M, Suzuki N, Hirofuji T. 
                    Antibacterial effect of surface pre-reacted glass ionomer filler and eluate–mini review. 
                    Pharm Anal Acta  
                    2015; 
                    6
                    (3)
                    : 349.
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref20">
            <journal_title>Quintessence Int.</journal_title>
            <author>Yassen G.H.</author>
            <volume>43</volume>
            <first_page>e95</first_page>
            <cYear>2012</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Yassen GH, Lippert F, Eckert G, Eder J, Zandoná AF. 
                    The effect of strontium and combinations of strontium and fluoride on the remineralization of artificial caries lesions in vitro. 
                    Quintessence Int  
                    2012; 
                    43
                    (7)
                    : e95-e103.
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref21">
            <journal_title>Am. J. Dent.</journal_title>
            <author>Featherstone J.D.</author>
            <volume>24</volume>
            <first_page>289</first_page>
            <cYear>2011</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Featherstone JD, Stookey GK, Kaminski MA, Faller RV. 
                    Recommendation for a non-animal alternative to rat caries testing. 
                    Am J Dent  
                    2011; 
                    24
                    (5)
                    : 289-94.
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref22">
            <journal_title>Am. J. Dent.</journal_title>
            <author>Stookey G.K.</author>
            <volume>24</volume>
            <first_page>322</first_page>
            <cYear>2011</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Stookey GK, Featherstone JD, Rapozo-Hilo M, et al. 
                    The Featherstone laboratory pH cycling model: A prospective, multi-site validation exercise. 
                    Am J Dent  
                    2011; 
                    24
                    (5)
                    : 322-8.
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref23">
            <journal_title>J. Dent.</journal_title>
            <author>Amaechi B.T.</author>
            <volume>29</volume>
            <first_page>371</first_page>
            <cYear>2001</cYear>
            <doi>10.1016/S0300-5712(01)00026-4</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Amaechi BT, Higham SM. 
                    
                        In vitro remineralisation of eroded enamel lesions by saliva. 
                    J Dent  
                    2001; 
                    29
                    (5)
                    : 371-6.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref24">
            <journal_title>Arch. Oral Biol.</journal_title>
            <author>Amaechi B.T.</author>
            <volume>43</volume>
            <first_page>619</first_page>
            <cYear>1998</cYear>
            <doi>10.1016/S0003-9969(98)00043-0</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Amaechi BT, Higham SM, Edgar WM. 
                    Factors affecting the development of carious lesions in bovine teeth in vitro. 
                    Arch Oral Biol  
                    1998; 
                    43
                    (8)
                    : 619-28.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref25">
            <journal_title>Monogr. Oral Sci.</journal_title>
            <author>van der Veen M.H.</author>
            <volume>17</volume>
            <first_page>144</first_page>
            <cYear>2000</cYear>
            <doi>10.1159/000061639</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    van der Veen MH, de Josselin de Jong E. 
                    Application of quantitative light-induced fluorescence for assessing early caries lesions. 
                    Monogr Oral Sci  
                    2000; 
                    17
                    : 144-62.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref26">
            <journal_title>J. Biomed. Opt.</journal_title>
            <author>Amaechi B.T.</author>
            <volume>7</volume>
            <first_page>7</first_page>
            <cYear>2002</cYear>
            <doi>10.1117/1.1427044</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Amaechi BT, Higham SM. 
                    Quantitative light-induced fluorescence: A potential tool for general dental assessment. 
                    J Biomed Opt  
                    2002; 
                    7
                    (1)
                    : 7-13.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref27">
            <journal_title>Phys. Med. Biol.</journal_title>
            <author>de Josselin de Jong E.</author>
            <volume>32</volume>
            <first_page>887</first_page>
            <cYear>1987</cYear>
            <doi>10.1088/0031-9155/32/7/008</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    de Josselin de Jong E, ten Bosch JJ, Noordmans J. 
                    Optimised microcomputer-guided quantitative microradiography on dental mineralised tissue slices. 
                    Phys Med Biol  
                    1987; 
                    32
                    (7)
                    : 887-99.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref28">
            <journal_title>Caries Res.</journal_title>
            <author>de Josselin de Jong E.</author>
            <volume>29</volume>
            <first_page>2</first_page>
            <cYear>1995</cYear>
            <doi>10.1159/000262032</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    de Josselin de Jong E, Sundström F, Westerling H, Tranaeus S, ten Bosch JJ, Angmar-Månsson B. 
                    A new method for in vivo quantification of changes in initial enamel caries with laser fluorescence. 
                    Caries Res  
                    1995; 
                    29
                    (1)
                    : 2-7.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref29">
            <journal_title>Caries Res.</journal_title>
            <author>van der Veen M.H.</author>
            <volume>33</volume>
            <first_page>318</first_page>
            <cYear>1999</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    van der Veen MH, de Jong ED. 
                    The introduction of a new parameter ΔQ for incipient caries measurement with QLF. 
                    Caries Res  
                    1999; 
                    33
                    (4)
                    : 318.
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref30">
            <journal_title>J. Appl. Phys.</journal_title>
            <author>Amaechi B.T.</author>
            <volume>105</volume>
            <first_page>102047</first_page>
            <cYear>2009</cYear>
            <doi>10.1063/1.3116632</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Amaechi BT. 
                    Emerging technologies for diagnosis of dental caries: The road so far. 
                    J Appl Phys  
                    2009; 
                    105
                    (10)
                    : 102047.
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref31">
            <journal_title>J. Dent.</journal_title>
            <author>Pretty I.A.</author>
            <volume>34</volume>
            <first_page>727</first_page>
            <cYear>2006</cYear>
            <doi>10.1016/j.jdent.2006.06.001</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Pretty IA. 
                    Caries detection and diagnosis: Novel technologies. 
                    J Dent  
                    2006; 
                    34
                    (10)
                    : 727-39.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref32">
            <journal_title>PloS One </journal_title>
            <author>Gimenez T</author>
            <volume>8</volume>
            <cYear>2013</cYear>
            <doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0060421</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Gimenez T, Braga MM, Raggio DP, Deery C, Ricketts DN, Mendes FM. 
                    Fluorescence-based methods for detecting caries lesions: Systematic review, meta-analysis and sources of heterogeneity. 
                    PloS One   
                    2013; 
                    8
                    (4)
                    
                    
                    
                 : e60421. </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref33">
            <journal_title>Arch. Oral Biol.</journal_title>
            <author>Pretty I.A.</author>
            <volume>49</volume>
            <first_page>285</first_page>
            <cYear>2004</cYear>
            <doi>10.1016/j.archoralbio.2003.11.008</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Pretty IA, Edgar WM, Higham SM. 
                    The validation of quantitative light-induced fluorescence to quantify acid erosion of human enamel. 
                    Arch Oral Biol  
                    2004; 
                    49
                    (4)
                    : 285-94.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref34">
            <journal_title>Clin. Oral Investig.</journal_title>
            <author>Gmür R.</author>
            <volume>10</volume>
            <first_page>187</first_page>
            <cYear>2006</cYear>
            <doi>10.1007/s00784-006-0058-z</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Gmür R, Giertsen E, van der Veen MH, de Josselin de Jong E, ten Cate JM, Guggenheim B. 
                    
                        In vitro quantitative light-induced fluorescence to measure changes in enamel mineralization. 
                    Clin Oral Investig  
                    2006; 
                    10
                    (3)
                    : 187-95.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref35">
            <journal_title>Caries Res.</journal_title>
            <author>Ando M.</author>
            <volume>31</volume>
            <first_page>125</first_page>
            <cYear>1997</cYear>
            <doi>10.1159/000262387</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Ando M, Hall AF, Eckert GJ, Schemehorn BR, Analoui M, Stookey GK. 
                    Relative ability of laser fluorescence techniques to quantitate early mineral loss in vitro. 
                    Caries Res  
                    1997; 
                    31
                    (2)
                    : 125-31.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref36">
            <journal_title>Cochrane Database Syst Rev</journal_title>
            <author>Marinho VC</author>
            <cYear>2003</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Marinho VC, Higgins JP, Sheiham A, Logan S. 
                     Fluoride toothpastes for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents. 
                    Cochrane Database Syst Rev 
                    2003; 
                    (1): 
                    
                 CD002278. Review. PMID:12608672.</unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref37">
            <journal_title>Eur. Arch. Paediatr. Dent.</journal_title>
            <author>Marinho V.C.</author>
            <volume>10</volume>
            <first_page>183</first_page>
            <cYear>2009</cYear>
            <doi>10.1007/BF03262681</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Marinho VC. 
                    Cochrane reviews of randomized trials of fluoride therapies for preventing dental caries. 
                    Eur Arch Paediatr Dent  
                    2009; 
                    10
                    (3)
                    : 183-91.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref38">
            <journal_title>Adv. Dent. Res.</journal_title>
            <author>Marinho V.C.</author>
            <volume>20</volume>
            <first_page>3</first_page>
            <cYear>2008</cYear>
            <doi>10.1177/154407370802000102</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Marinho VC. 
                    Evidence-based effectiveness of topical fluorides. 
                    Adv Dent Res  
                    2008; 
                    20
                    (1)
                    : 3-7.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref39">
            <journal_title> Cochrane Database Syst Rev </journal_title>
            <author>Marinho VC</author>
            <cYear>2004</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Marinho VC, Higgins JP, Sheiham A, Logan S. 
                    One topical fluoride (toothpastes, or mouthrinses, or gels, or varnishes) versus another for preventing dental caries in children and adolescents. 
                     Cochrane Database Syst Rev  
                    2004; 
                    (1): 
                    
                  CD002780. Review. PMID: 14973991.</unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref40">
            <journal_title>Caries Res.</journal_title>
            <author>Nordström A.</author>
            <volume>44</volume>
            <first_page>323</first_page>
            <cYear>2010</cYear>
            <doi>10.1159/000317490</doi>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Nordström A, Birkhed D. 
                    Preventive effect of high-fluoride dentifrice (5,000 ppm) in caries-active adolescents: A 2-year clinical trial. 
                    Caries Res  
                    2010; 
                    44
                    (3)
                    : 323-31.
                    
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
          <citation key="ref41">
            <journal_title>Am. J. Dent.</journal_title>
            <author>Clarkson J.E.</author>
            <volume>6</volume>
            <first_page>S59</first_page>
            <cYear>1993</cYear>
            <unstructured_citation>
                    Clarkson JE, Ellwood RP, Chandler RE. 
                    A comprehensive summary of fluoride dentifrice caries clinical trials. 
                    Am J Dent  
                    1993; 
                    6
                    (Spec No)
                    : S59-S106.
                    
                    
                </unstructured_citation>
          </citation>
        </citation_list>
      </journal_article>
    </journal>
  </body>
</doi_batch>
