TODENTJ-25-03-2019_TODENTJ-12-72 1553507278 Bentham Open doi@benthamopen.net Bentham Open The Open Dentistry Journal TODENTJ 1874-2106 01 31 2018 12 1 Eman Shaheen Abdulhadi Alhelwani Elke Van De Casteele Constantinus Politis Reinhilde Jacobs Objectives: To assess the effect of two of the most commonly used sterilization techniques on 3D printed clinical objects. Materials & Methods: The two sterilization methods used in our hospital and investigated in this paper are: Steam heat and Gas plasma. Three objects were printed and tested in this study: a tooth replica, an orthognathic final splint, a surgical cutting guide for the purpose of mandible reconstruction. For each of the 3 objects, 4 copies were made: one original STL object, one copy of the object pre-sterilization, one copy of post-steam heat sterilization, and one copy of post-gas plasma sterilization. Each printed object was scanned using a high resolution CBCT protocol and the compared (morphologically and volumetrically). Results: At the level of volumetric changes, no difference was found between pre and post-sterilization for both methods evaluated. As for the morphological changes, only differences were noticed with the orthognathic splint object indicating deformation of the printed splints after sterilization. Larger differences were observed with heat sterilization, making it less reliable. Conclusion: Sterilization of dental objects to be used in a clinical setting may lead to deformation of the printed model, especially for heat sterilization. Further investigations are needed to confirm these findings. 01 31 2018 72 79 TODENTJ-12-72 1 10.2174/crossmark_policy opendentistryjournal.com benthamopen.com true Peer Reviewed Single blind Checked with iThenticate 2017-11-17 2017-12-20 2018-01-05 2018-01-31 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode 10.2174/1874210601812010072 1553507278 https://opendentistryjournal.com/VOLUME/12/PAGE/72/ https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V12/TODENTJ-12-72/TODENTJ-12-72.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V12/TODENTJ-12-72/TODENTJ-12-72.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V12/TODENTJ-12-72/TODENTJ-12-72.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V12/TODENTJ-12-72/TODENTJ-12-72.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V12/TODENTJ-12-72/TODENTJ-12-72.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V12/TODENTJ-12-72/TODENTJ-12-72.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V12/TODENTJ-12-72/TODENTJ-12-72.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V12/TODENTJ-12-72/TODENTJ-12-72.xml Curr. Probl. Diagn Radiol. [Internet]. Elsevier Marro A 45 2 2016 10.1067/j.cpradiol.2015.07.009 Marro A, Bandukwala T, Mak W. Three-dimensional printing and medical imaging: A review of the methods and applications. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol [Internet] Elsevier 2016; 45 (1) : 2-9. J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg. Mehra P. 10 6 2011 10.1007/s12663-011-0183-3 Mehra P, Miner J, D’Innocenzo R, Nadershah M. Use of 3-d stereolithographic models in oral and maxillofacial surgery. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2011; 10 (1) : 6-13. J. Craniomaxillofac. Surg. Salmi M. 41 603 2013 10.1016/j.jcms.2012.11.041 Salmi M, Paloheimo KS, Tuomi J, Wolff J, Mäkitie A. Accuracy of medical models made by additive manufacturing (rapid manufacturing). J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2013; 41 (7) : 603-9. J. Surg. Res. Malik H.H. 199 512 2015 10.1016/j.jss.2015.06.051 Malik HH, Darwood AR, Shaunak S, et al. Three-dimensional printing in surgery: A review of current surgical applications. J Surg Res 2015; 199 (2) : 512-22. Elsevier Health Sci. Hupp J.R. 718 2013 Hupp JR, Tucker MR, Ellis E. Contemporary oral and maxillofacial surgery. Elsevier Health Sci 2013; 718. Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. Kozakiewicz M. 42 1256 2013 10.1016/j.ijom.2013.07.292 Kozakiewicz M, Szymor P, Olszewski R. Three dimensional paper models experimental validation in vitro. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2013; 42 (10) : 1256-7. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. Vezeau P.J. 54 738 1996 10.1016/S0278-2391(96)90694-1 Vezeau PJ, Koorbusch GF, Draughn RA, Keller JC. Effects of multiple sterilization on surface characteristics and in vitro biologic responses to titanium. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1996; 54 (6) : 738-46. Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Shahbazian M. 115 667 2013 10.1016/j.oooo.2013.01.025 Shahbazian M, Jacobs R, Wyatt J, et al. Validation of the cone beam computed tomography-based stereolithographic surgical guide aiding autotransplantation of teeth: Clinical case-control study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2013; 115 (5) : 667-75. J. Oral Rehabil. Shahbazian M. 37 854 2010 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2010.02107.x Shahbazian M, Jacobs R, Wyatt J, et al. Accuracy and surgical feasibility of a CBCT-based stereolithographic surgical guide aiding autotransplantation of teeth: in vitro validation. J Oral Rehabil 2010; 37 (11) : 854-9. Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. Khalil W. 121 307 2016 10.1016/j.oooo.2015.10.028 Khalil W, EzEldeen M, Van De Casteele E, et al. Validation of cone beam computed tomography-based tooth printing using different three-dimensional printing technologies. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2016; 121 (3) : 307-15. J. Endod. EzEldeen M. 41 317 2015 10.1016/j.joen.2014.10.023 EzEldeen M, Van Gorp G, Van Dessel J, Vandermeulen D, Jacobs R. 3-dimensional analysis of regenerative endodontic treatment outcome. J Endod 2015; 41 (3) : 317-24. Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. Shaheen E. 46 67 2017 10.1016/j.ijom.2016.10.002 Shaheen E, Sun Y, Jacobs R, Politis C. Three-dimensional printed final occlusal splint for orthognathic surgery: Design and validation. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 46 (1) : 67-71. J. Craniomaxillofac. Surg. Weijs W.L. 44 1828 2016 10.1016/j.jcms.2016.08.024 Weijs WL, Coppen C, Schreurs R, et al. Accuracy of virtually 3D planned resection templates in mandibular reconstruction. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2016; 44 (11) : 1828-32. Br. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. Shqaidef A. 52 609 2014 10.1016/j.bjoms.2014.04.010 Shqaidef A, Ayoub AF, Khambay BS. How accurate are Rapid Prototyped (RP) final orthognathic surgical wafers? A pilot study. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014; 52 (7) : 609-14.