TODENTJ-25-03-2019_TODENTJ-11-636 1553507225 Bentham Open doi@benthamopen.net Bentham Open The Open Dentistry Journal TODENTJ 1874-2106 12 19 2017 11 1 Josh D. Silvertown Stephen H. Abrams Koneswaran S. Sivagurunathan Julia Kennedy Jinseok Jeon Andreas Mandelis Adam Hellen Warren Hellen Gary Elman Richard Ehrlich Raffy Chouljian Yoav Finer Bennett T. Amaechi Introduction: A clinical study was initiated to investigate a caries detection device (The Canary System (CS)), based on photothermal radiometry and modulated luminescence (PTR-LUM). The primary objective of this study was to determine if PTR-LUM values (in the form of Canary Numbers; CN) correlate with International Caries Diagnostic and Assessment System (ICDAS II) scores and clinical situations. The secondary objectives of this study were to monitor the safety of PTR-LUM, and collect data to determine how CN values could be used to differentiate healthy from decayed tooth surfaces on a normalized scale. Methods: The trial was a four site, non-blinded study. Data was collected from 92 patients, resulting in 842 scanned tooth surfaces over multiple appointments. Surfaces were assessed according to ICDAS II, and further stratified into five clinical situation categories: 1) healthy surface, 2) non-cavitated white and/or brown spots; 3) caries lesions; 4) cavitation and 5) teeth undergoing remineralization therapy. CN data was analyzed separately for smooth and occlusal surfaces. Using a semi-logarithmic graph to plot raw CN (rCN) and normalized (CN) values, rCN data was normalized into a scale of 0-100. Results: Linear correlations (R2) between CN and ICDAS II groupings for smooth and occlusal surfaces were calculated as 0.9759 and 0.9267, respectively. The mean CN values derived from smooth (20.2±0.6) and occlusal (19±1.0) surfaces identified as healthy had significantly lower CN values (P<0.05) compared with the values from the other clinical situation categories. No adverse events were reported. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated the safety of PTR-LUM for clinical application and its ability to distinguish sound from carious tooth surfaces. A clear shift from the baseline in both PTR and LUM in carious enamel was observed depending on the type and nature of the lesion, and correlated to ICDAS II classification codes, which enabled the preliminary development of a Canary Scale. 12 19 2017 636 647 TODENTJ-11-636 1 10.2174/crossmark_policy opendentistryjournal.com benthamopen.com true Peer Reviewed Single blind Checked with iThenticate 2017-07-22 2017-10-25 2017-11-12 2017-12-19 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode 10.2174/1874210601711010636 1553507225 https://opendentistryjournal.com/VOLUME/11/PAGE/636/ https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-636/TODENTJ-11-636.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-636/TODENTJ-11-636.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-636/TODENTJ-11-636.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-636/TODENTJ-11-636.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-636/TODENTJ-11-636.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-636/TODENTJ-11-636.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-636/TODENTJ-11-636.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-636/TODENTJ-11-636.xml Dove SB. 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