TODENTJ-25-03-2019_TODENTJ-11-565 1553507208 Bentham Open doi@benthamopen.net Bentham Open The Open Dentistry Journal TODENTJ 1874-2106 10 31 2017 11 1 Tantry Maulina Nina Djustiana M. Nurhalim Shahib Background: In order to minimize the possibility of unsuccessful dental extraction procedure due to dental anxiety, there are several approaches that can be used, including music intervention. Objective: The objective of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of classical and religious Islamic music on reducing dental anxiety. Materials and methods: Two hundred and twenty-five muslim participants (105 males, 120 females) were recruited for this study and randomly assigned to three groups: classical music group, religious Islamic music group, and the group with no music intervention, equally in numbers. Participant’s blood pressure (BP) and blood sample were taken prior to and after dental extraction to evaluate systolic and diastolic BP as well as nor-adrenaline plasma (NAP) level. All data were then analyzed by using t-test, ANOVA test, Mann-Whitney and Kruskawallis test. Results: There was a decrease in NAP level in the religious music group (0.110 ng/mL) and the control group (0.013 ng/mL) when initial NAP level was compared to post extraction NAP level, whilst the classical music group showed an increase of 0.053 ng/mL. There were significant differences found between the religious Islamic music group and the classical music group (p = 0.041) as well as the control group (p = 0.028) for the difference between pre and post NAP level, of which the NAP level of the religious Islamic group participants were lower. Conclusion: Religious Islamic music was proven to be effective in reducing dental anxiety in Muslim participants compared to classical music. Despite, further evaluation in a more heterogenous population with various religious and cultural background is needed. 10 31 2017 565 572 TODENTJ-11-565 1 10.2174/crossmark_policy opendentistryjournal.com benthamopen.com true Peer Reviewed Single blind Checked with iThenticate 2017-07-04 2017-10-17 2017-10-18 2017-10-31 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode 10.2174/1874210601711010565 1553507208 https://opendentistryjournal.com/VOLUME/11/PAGE/565/ https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-565/TODENTJ-11-565.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-565/TODENTJ-11-565.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-565/TODENTJ-11-565.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-565/TODENTJ-11-565.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-565/TODENTJ-11-565.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-565/TODENTJ-11-565.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-565/TODENTJ-11-565.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-565/TODENTJ-11-565.xml Nair MA, Shankarapillai R, Chouhan V. The dental anxiety levels associated with surgical extraction of tooth. Int J Dent Clin 2009; 1 : 20-3. 10.1080/00016350701373558 Pohjola V, Lahti S, Vehkalahti MM, Tolvanen M, Hausen H. Association between dental fear and dental attendance among adults in Finland. Acta Odontol Scand 2007; 65 (4) : 224-30. 10.1038/sj.ebd.6400323 Eli I. Behavioural interventions could reduce dental anxiety and improve dental attendance in adults. Evid Based Dent 2005; 6 (2) : 46. Naidu RS, Lalwah S. Dental anxiety in a sample of West Indian adults. West Indian Med J 2010; 59 (5) : 567-72. 10.1002/9781118499825.ch6 Klingberg G. Dental anxiety in children and adolescent. Cognitive behavioral therapy for dental phobia and anxiety 2nd ed. 2013; 79-88. Internet 10.1016/S0005-7967(98)00105-3 Locker D, Liddell A, Shapiro D. Diagnostic categories of dental anxiety: A population-based study. Behav Res Ther 1999; 37 (1) : 25-37. Hoem AF, Tvermyr K, Elde KM. Clinical management of the adult patient with dental anxiety 2012. Shives LR. Basic concept of psychiatric-mental health nursing 8th ed. 1998. Indu K. Essentials of Medical Physiology. 3rd ed, E-Book, ISBN 9780080472706. India: Elsevier 2008. Brooker C. Human structure and function: Nursing applications in clinical practice 2nd ed. 1997. 10.3748/wjg.v12.i46.7532 Ovayolu N, Ucan O, Pehlivan S, et al. Listening to Turkish classical music decreases patients’ anxiety, pain, dissatisfaction and the dose of sedative and analgesic drugs during colonoscopy: a prospective randomized controlled trial. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12 (46) : 7532-6. 10.3923/ajcb.2008.41.46 Mamedova L, Metin I, Ekici N, Huseyinov M, Huseyinova G, Guner SS. Effects of various intervals applied in classical music on the ultrastructure of reflector nerve and muscle terminals (A musical, medical, biological and experimental study). Asian J Cell Biol 2008; 3 : 41-6. 10.1016/j.ambp.2007.12.005 Klassen JA, Liang Y, Tjosvold L, Klassen TP, Hartling L. Music for pain and anxiety in children undergoing medical procedures: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Ambul Pediatr 2008; 8 (2) : 117-28. Rana SA, North AC. The effect of rythmic Quranic recitation on depression. J Behav Sci 2007; 17 : 37-53. Mirbagher AN, Ranjbar N. Effects of recitation of Holy Quran on anxiety of women before cesarean section: A randomize clinical trial. Qom University Med Sci J 2010; 4 : 15-9. 10.1177/1043454209355983 Nguyen TN, Nilsson S, Hellström AL, Bengtson A. Music therapy to reduce pain and anxiety in children with cancer undergoing lumbar puncture: A randomized clinical trial. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs 2010; 27 (3) : 146-55. Bradt J, Dileo C, Potvin N. Music for stress and anxiety reduction in coronary heart disease patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013; 28 (12) : CD006577. 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02350.x Lai H-L, Hwang M-J, Chen CJ, Chang K-F, Peng T-C, Chang F-M. Randomised controlled trial of music on state anxiety and physiological indices in patients undergoing root canal treatment. J Clin Nurs 2008; 17 (19) : 2654-60. Oliviany J. Penurunan nilai tekanan darah dan denyut nadi pasien odontektomi dengan musik jazz instrumental 2009. 10.14219/jada.archive.2008.0161 Lahmann C, Schoen R, Henningsen P, et al. Brief relaxation versus music distraction in the treatment of dental anxiety: a randomized controlled clinical trial. J Am Dent Assoc 2008; 139 (3) : 317-24. Sadock BJ, Sadock VA. Compherehsive Textbook of Psychiatry 2005. Guyton AC, Hall JE. Textbook of medical physiology 2006. Kingsnorth AN, Maid AA. Fundamentals of surgical practice 1998. Bell DR, Rhoades R. Medical physiology 2008. Chiu P, Kumar A. Music therapy: Loud noise or soothing notes. Int Pediatr 2003; 18 : 204-8. Moola S. Effectiveness of music interventions in reducing dental anxiety in paediatric and adult patients 2011; 9 (18) : 588-630. 10.1016/S0019-4832(12)60094-7 Loomba RS, Arora R, Shah PH, Chandrasekar S, Molnar J. Effects of music on systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate: a meta-analysis. Indian Heart J 2012; 64 (3) : 309-13. 10.1016/j.brainres.2004.05.018 Sutoo D, Akiyama K. Music improves dopaminergic neurotransmission: demonstration based on the effect of music on blood pressure regulation. Brain Res 2004; 1016 (2) : 255-62. 10.1348/1359107041557020 Chafin S, Roy M, Gerin W, Christenfeld N. Music can facilitate blood pressure recovery from stress. Br J Health Psychol 2004; 9 (Pt 3) : 393-403. 10.1016/S0001-2092(06)61207-6 Mok E, Wong KY. Effects of music on patient anxiety. AORN J 2003; 77 (2) : 398-410. Aitken JC, Wilson S, Coury D, Moursi AM. The effect of music distraction on pain, anxiety and behavior in pediatric dental patients. Pediatr Dent 2002; 24 (2) : 114-8. Feldman RS. Philippot P The regulation of emotion 2004. Kalant H, Rochlau HE. Principles of Medical Pharmacology 1989. Effect of Music on Preoperative Anxiety in Men Undergoing Urogenital Surgery Aust J Adv Nurs 2008; 26 : 46-54. 10.1093/geront/gnu020 Bradshaw M, Ellison CG, Fang Q, Mueller C. Listening to Religious Music and Mental Health in Later Life. Gerontologist 2015; 55 (6) : 961-71. 10.1002/gps.2761 Sung H-C, Lee W-L, Li T-L, Watson R. A group music intervention using percussion instruments with familiar music to reduce anxiety and agitation of institutionalized older adults with dementia. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2012; 27 (6) : 621-7.