TODENTJ-25-03-2019_TODENTJ-11-527 1553507164 Bentham Open doi@benthamopen.net Bentham Open The Open Dentistry Journal TODENTJ 1874-2106 10 24 2017 11 1 Consuelo Sanavia Marco Tatullo Jessica Bassignani Silvia Cotellessa Giulia Fantozzi Giovanna Acito Alessia Iommiello Lorella Chiavistelli Silvia Sabatini Gianna Maria Nardi Background/Objective: The clinical conditions that lead to an alteration of the enamel structure are numerous. The diet high in sugars and acidifying substances, psychological stress that triggers parafunctional behaviors, the reduced intake of fiber-rich foods or alkalizing substances, together with other factors, contribute to demineralization of the tooth enamel. Dental mineralizing products on the current market are distinguished according to the dosage form, the active ingredient, the release technology, clinical indications and patient choice. Currently, it is necessary to propose to oral health professionals a guide to orient themselves in this chaotic choice, in order to prefer the most effective product for their own clinical target. Methods: Italian Society of Oral Hygiene Sciences-S.I.S.I.O. is one of the leading scientific Italian societies representing those dental hygienists working with high-quality standards and in agreement with scientific evidence: in the last year, the SISIO working group has carried out a study focused on remineralizing agents in dentistry, in order to give an authoritative point of view to indicate a guideline in the decision process of the choice of a remineralizing agent. We will report the results pointed out from the last consensus meeting in 2017. Results: We have reported the good the bad and the ugly have been discussed in a critical discussion of such topic. Conclusion: The SISIO experience has been reported in this position paper with the aim to serve as a useful aid in the daily choice of the clinical steps to perform, when dental professionals need to treat demineralized teeth. 10 24 2017 527 538 TODENTJ-11-527 1 10.2174/crossmark_policy opendentistryjournal.com benthamopen.com true Peer Reviewed Single blind Checked with iThenticate 2017-05-07 2017-08-25 2017-09-19 2017-10-24 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode 10.2174/1874210601711010527 1553507164 https://opendentistryjournal.com/VOLUME/11/PAGE/527/ https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-527/TODENTJ-11-527.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-527/TODENTJ-11-527.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-527/TODENTJ-11-527.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-527/TODENTJ-11-527.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-527/TODENTJ-11-527.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-527/TODENTJ-11-527.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-527/TODENTJ-11-527.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-527/TODENTJ-11-527.xml 10.1155/2015/230251 Farges JC, Alliot-Licht B, Renard E, et al. Dental pulp defence and repair mechanisms in dental caries. Mediators Inflamm 2015. 2015: 230251. 10.5978/islsm.14-OR-18 Zhegova G, Rashkova M, Rocca JP. Minimally invasive treatment of dental caries in primary teeth using an Er: YAG Laser. Laser Ther 2014; 23 (4) : 249-54. 10.4103/0972-0707.62634 Lata S, Varghese NO, Varughese JM. Remineralization potential of fluoride and amorphous calcium phosphate-casein phospho peptide on enamel lesions: An in vitro comparative evaluation. J Conserv Dent 2010; 13 (1) : 42-6. Villalobos-Rodelo JJ, Medina-Solís CE, Verdugo-Barraza L, et al. Experience of non-reversible and reversible carious lesions in 11 and 12 years old Mexican schoolchildren: A negative binomial regression analysis. Biomedica 2013; 33 (1) : 88-98. 10.1177/0022034517698419 Kind L, Stevanovic S, Wuttig S, et al. Biomimetic remineralization of carious lesions by self-assembling peptide. J Dent Res 2017; 96 (7) : 790-7. 10.1016/j.nano.2017.01.018 Elkassas DW, Arafa AA. The innovative applications of therapeutic nanostructures in dentistry. Nanomedicine 2017; 17 (7) : S1549-9634. Nair AS, Kumar RK, Philip ST, Ahameed SS, Punnathara S, Peter J. A Comparative analysis of caries inhibitory effect of remineralizing agents on human enamel treated with Er: YAG Laser: An In-vitro atomic emission spectrometry analysis. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10 (12) : ZC10-3. 10.4012/dmj.2016-219 El-Wassefy NA. Remineralizing effect of cold plasma and/or bioglass on demineralized enamel. Dent Mater J 2017; 36 (2) : 157-67. Tatullo M, Marrelli M, Scacco S, et al. Relationship between oxidative stress and “burning mouth syndrome” in female patients: A scientific hypothesis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2012; 16 (9) : 1218-21. 10.7150/ijms.6663 Inchingolo F, Marrelli M, Annibali S, et al. Influence of endodontic treatment on systemic oxidative stress. Int J Med Sci 2013; 11 (1) : 1-6. 10.1371/journal.pone.0112444 Marrelli M, Gentile S, Palmieri F, Paduano F, Tatullo M. Correlation between Surgeon’s experience, surgery complexity and the alteration of stress related physiological parameters. PLoS One 2014; 9 (11) : e112444. 10.1038/srep36042 Tatullo M, Simone GM, Tarullo F, et al. Antioxidant and antitumor activity of a bioactive polyphenolic fraction isolated from the brewing process. Sci Rep 2016; 6 : 36042. 10.1016/j.msec.2016.11.078 Epasinghe DJ, Kwan S, Chu D, Lei MM, Burrow MF, Yiu CK. Synergistic effects of proanthocyanidin, tri-calcium phosphate and fluoride on artificial root caries and dentine collagen. Mater Sci Eng C 2017; 73 : 293-9. 10.4103/0970-9290.195642 Majithia U, Venkataraghavan K, Choudhary P, Trivedi K, Shah S, Virda M. Comparative evaluation of application of different fluoride varnishes on artificial early enamel lesion: An in vitro study. Indian J Dent Res 2016; 27 (5) : 521-7. 10.1007/s00784-015-1707-x da Camara DM, Pessan JP, Francati TM, Souza JA, Danelon M, Delbem AC. Fluoride toothpaste supplemented with sodium hexametaphosphate reduces enamel demineralization in vitro. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 20 (8) : 1981-5. 10.1016/j.jdent.2016.03.011 Cardoso CA, Cassiano LP, Costa EN, et al. Effect of xylitol varnishes on remineralization of artificial enamel caries lesions in situ. J Dent 2016; 50 : 74-8. 10.4103/1735-3327.187872 Palaniswamy UK, Prashar N, Kaushik M, Lakkam SR, Arya S, Pebbeti S. A comparative evaluation of remineralizing ability of bioactive glass and amorphous calcium phosphate casein phosphopeptide on early enamel lesion. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2016; 13 (4) : 297-302. 10.4103/0972-0707.186449 Gangrade A, Gade V, Patil S, Gade J, Chandhok D, Thakur D. In vitro evaluation of remineralization efficacy of different calcium- and fluoride-based delivery systems on artificially demineralized enamel surface. J Conserv Dent 2016; 19 (4) : 328-31. Lelli M, Marchisio O, Foltran I, et al. Different corrosive effects on hydroxyapatite nanocrystals and amine fluoride-based mouthwashes on dental titanium brackets: a comparative in vitro study. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8 : 307-14. 10.1038/srep40701 Wang H, Xiao Z, Yang J, et al. Oriented and ordered biomimetic remineralization of the surface of demineralized dental enamel using HAP@ACP nanoparticles guided by glycine. Sci Rep 2017; 7 : 40701. 10.1177/0022034515619370 Kerr JE, Arndt GD, Byerly DL, Rubinovitz R, Theriot CA, Stangel I. FT-Raman spectroscopy study of the remineralization of microwave-exposed artificial caries. J Dent Res 2016; 95 (3) : 342-8. 10.7150/ijms.6663 Inchingolo F, Marrelli M, Annibali S, et al. Influence of endodontic treatment on systemic oxidative stress. Int J Med Sci 2013; 11 (1) : 1-6. 10.7150/ijbs.6662 Marrelli M, Paduano F, Tatullo M. Cells isolated from human periapical cysts express mesenchymal stem cell-like properties. Int J Biol Sci 2013; 9 (10) : 1070-8. 10.1177/0022034515570316 Marrelli M, Paduano F, Tatullo M. Human periapical cyst-mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into neuronal cells. J Dent Res 2015; 94 (6) : 843-52. 10.7150/ijms.10706 Tatullo M, Marrelli M, Paduano F. The regenerative medicine in oral and maxillofacial surgery: The most important innovations in the clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells. Int J Med Sci 2015; 12 (1) : 72-7. Tatullo M, Falisi G, Amantea M, Rastelli C, Paduano F, Marrelli M. Dental pulp stem cells and human periapical cyst mesenchymal stem cells in bone tissue regeneration: Comparison of basal and osteogenic differentiated gene expression of a newly discovered mesenchymal stem cell lineage. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents 2015; 29 (3) : 713-8. 10.1177/0394632015617951 Tatullo M, Marrelli M, Falisi G, et al. Mechanical influence of tissue culture plates and extracellular matrix on mesenchymal stem cell behavior: A topical review. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2016; 29 (1) : 3-8. Marrelli M, Falisi G, Apicella A, et al. Behaviour of dental pulp stem cells on different types of innovative mesoporous and nanoporous silicon scaffolds with different functionalizations of the surfaces. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents 2015; 29 (4) : 991-7. 10.1371/journal.pone.0148225 Paduano F, Marrelli M, White LJ, Shakesheff KM, Tatullo M. Odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells on hydrogel scaffolds derived from decellularized bone extracellular matrix and collagen type I. PLoS One 2016; 11 (2) : e0148225. 10.1177/0394632016646121 Marrelli M, Pujia A, Palmieri F, et al. Innovative approach for the in vitro research on biomedical scaffolds designed and customized with CAD-CAM technology. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2016; 29 (4) : 778-83. 10.1007/s12015-016-9674-4 Paduano F, Marrelli M, Palmieri F, Tatullo M. CD146 expression influences periapical cyst mesenchymal stem cell properties. Stem Cell Rev 2016; 12 (5) : 592-603. Marrelli M, Tatullo M. Influence of PRF in the healing of bone and gingival tissues. Clinical and histological evaluations. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2013; 17 (14) : 1958-62. Inchingolo F, Tatullo M, Marrelli M, et al. Regenerative surgery performed with platelet-rich plasma used in sinus lift elevation before dental implant surgery: An useful aid in healing and regeneration of bone tissue. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2012; 16 (9) : 1222-6. 10.1016/j.dental.2017.07.015 Xiao Z, Que K, Wang H, et al. Rapid biomimetic remineralization of the demineralized enamel surface using nano-particles of amorphous calcium phosphate guided by chimaeric peptides. Dent Mater 2017. pii: S0109-5641(17)30309-3 [Epub ahead of print] 10.1016/j.jdent.2017.04.005 Tabata T, Shimada Y, Sadr A, Tagami J, Sumi Y. Assessment of enamel cracks at adhesive cavosurface margin using three-dimensional swept-source optical coherence tomography. J Dent 2017; 61 : 28-32. 10.1002/jps.23961 Ren W, Baig A, Li SK. Passive and iontophoretic transport of fluorides across enamel in vitro. J Pharm Sci 2014; 103 (6) : 1692-700. 10.1007/s00784-016-1710-x Samuel SR, Dorai S, Khatri SG, Patil ST. Effect of ozone to remineralize initial enamel caries: In situ study. Clin Oral Investig 2016; 20 (5) : 1109-13.