TODENTJ-25-03-2019_TODENTJ-11-181 1553507011 Bentham Open doi@benthamopen.net Bentham Open The Open Dentistry Journal TODENTJ 1874-2106 03 31 2017 11 1 Shigeru Maeda Yuka Honda Hiroshi Tanimura Yumiko Tomoyasu Hitoshi Higuchi Naomichi Murata Masahiko Egusa Takuya Miyawaki Background: The extraction of lower wisdom teeth is often performed under general anesthesia in patients with intellectual disabilities. However, the choice of analgesics has not yet been investigated. Objective: To analyze the use of analgesics during general anesthesia for extraction including lower wisdom teeth in patients with intellectual disabilities. Methods: This research is a retrospective observational study. The study population was composed of all patients presenting for extraction of lower wisdom teeth under ambulatory general anesthesia in the clinic of Special Needs Dentistry in Okayama University Hospital from April 2011 to March 2016. The distribution of the combination of analgesics and the relationship between the use of analgesics and the type of extraction were investigated. Results: One hundred and twelve cases were enrolled in this study. Intravenous injections of flurbiprofen, acetaminophen and betamethasone were used in 96 (85.7%), 12 (10.7%) and 26 cases (23.2%), respectively. Flurbiprofen is a non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Acetaminophen is an old analgesic, but an injection of acetaminophen is new, which was released in 2013 in Japan. And betamethasone is not an analgesic, but a steroid. Betamethasone was used in combination with other analgesics, and was used at a higher dose in a case in which four wisdom teeth were extracted. Conclusion: Flurbiprofen was the main analgesic used for extraction of wisdom teeth under general anesthesia in patients with intellectual disabilities. Betamethasone was used to support flurbiprofen or acetaminophen for extractions of multiple wisdom teeth, with the aim of controlling swelling rather than relieving pain. 03 31 2017 181 186 TODENTJ-11-181 1 10.2174/crossmark_policy opendentistryjournal.com benthamopen.com true Peer Reviewed Single blind Checked with iThenticate 2016-12-20 2017-03-01 2017-03-09 2017-03-31 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode 10.2174/1874210601711010181 1553507011 https://opendentistryjournal.com/VOLUME/11/PAGE/181/ https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-181/TODENTJ-11-181.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-181/TODENTJ-11-181.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-181/TODENTJ-11-181.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-181/TODENTJ-11-181.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-181/TODENTJ-11-181.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-181/TODENTJ-11-181.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-181/TODENTJ-11-181.pdf https://opendentistryjournal.com/contents/volumes/V11/TODENTJ-11-181/TODENTJ-11-181.xml Paediatr. 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