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        <full_title>The Open Dentistry Journal</full_title>
        <abbrev_title>TODENTJ</abbrev_title>
        <issn media_type="print">1874-2106</issn>
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          <month>05</month>
          <day>11</day>
          <year>2016</year>
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        <journal_volume>
          <volume>10</volume>
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        <issue>1</issue>
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        <titles>
          <title>Antibacterial Activity of Copaiba Oil Gel on Dental Biofilm</title>
        </titles>
        <contributors>
          <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="first">
            <given_name>Cláudia A.C.G. </given_name>
            <surname>Simões</surname>
          </person_name>
          <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="additional">
            <given_name>Nikeila C. de Oliveira</given_name>
            <surname>Conde</surname>
          </person_name>
          <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="additional">
            <given_name>Gisely N.</given_name>
            <surname>Venâncio</surname>
          </person_name>
          <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="additional">
            <given_name>Patrícia S.L.L.</given_name>
            <surname>Milério</surname>
          </person_name>
          <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="additional">
            <given_name>Maria F.C.L.</given_name>
            <surname>Bandeira</surname>
          </person_name>
          <person_name contributor_role="author" sequence="additional">
            <given_name>Valdir F.</given_name>
            <surname>da Veiga Júnior</surname>
          </person_name>
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        <jats:abstract>
                <jats:sec>
                    <jats:p>Amazonian biodiversity products that have been used for years in folk medicine, have emerged as feasible and promising alternatives for the inhibition of microorganisms in dental biofilm. Copaiba oil, a phytotherapic agent widely used by the Amazonian populations, is known for its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anesthetic, healing and antitumor medicinal properties.</jats:p>
                    <jats:title>Objective:</jats:title>
                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the <jats:italic>in vitro </jats:italic> antibacterial activity of copaiba oil <jats:italic>(Copaifera multijuga)</jats:italic> gel against strains of <jats:italic>Streptococcus sp</jats:italic> present in dental biofilm.</jats:p>
                </jats:sec>
                <jats:sec>
                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:</jats:title>
                    <jats:p>The copaiba oil was obtained and the chemical components were identified. The oil emulsions were formulated and used with the Brain Heart Infusion agar diffusion method with strains of <jats:italic>Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus constellatus</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Streptococcus salivarius</jats:italic> isolated from patients as well as standard strains of <jats:italic>S. mitis</jats:italic> (ATCC903), <jats:italic>S. mutans</jats:italic> (ATCC10449), <jats:italic>S. sanguinis</jats:italic> (ATCC15300) and <jats:italic>S. oralis</jats:italic> (ATCC10557). The study groups were as follows: experimental copaiba oil gel, 1% chlorhexidine gel (positive control) and base gel (negative control). The seeded plates were incubated at 37ºC for 12, 24 and 48 hours, respectively. The results obtained were analyzed  by Shapiro-Wilk and Friedman Tests (p&lt;0.05) for non parametric data and the  Tukey test was used for pH values with 5% level of significance.</jats:p>
                </jats:sec>
                <jats:sec>
                    <jats:title> Results:</jats:title>
                    <jats:p>The experimental copaiba oil gel and 1% chlorhexidine gel showed antibacterial activity against the tested microorganisms.</jats:p>
                </jats:sec>
                <jats:sec>
                    <jats:title>Conclusion:</jats:title>
                    <jats:p> The copaiba oil gel demonstrated antibacterial activity against all the strains of <jats:italic>Streptococcus</jats:italic> sp tested, suggesting that it can be used for dental biofilm control.</jats:p>
                </jats:sec>
            </jats:abstract>
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          <month>05</month>
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        <pages>
          <first_page>188</first_page>
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